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hardship

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hardship
hard‧ship /ˈhɑːdʃɪp $ ˈhɑːrd-/ noun [uncountable and countable]
 Word Family: noun: hardship, hardness, hardiness; adjective: hard, hardened, hardy; adverb: hard, hardly; verb: harden
something that makes your life difficult or unpleasant, especially a lack of money, or the condition of having a difficult life:
    an economic policy that caused great hardship for many people
    Many students are suffering severe financial hardship.
    hardship of
    the hardships of war
     
COLLOCATIONS
■ verbs
   ▪ cause/create hardship The severe winter caused great hardship in remote villages.
   ▪ experience/suffer hardship (also endure hardship formal) Many pensioners experienced hardship paying the tax.
   ▪ face hardship (=will be affected by a difficult or painful situation) One in four families in Britain is facing financial hardship.
   ▪ inflict hardship on somebody (=make someone be in a difficult or painful situation, used for emphasis) Civil war has inflicted hardship and suffering on thousands of people.
   ▪ alleviate hardship formal (=make it less severe) The program aims to alleviate hardship among the poorest sections of society.
■ adjectives
   ▪ great/immense/deep hardship (=a lot of hardship) In the early years, the settlers faced great hardship.
   ▪ severe/serious/extreme hardship (=very bad ) The 1930s brought severe hardship to the Midwest, especially for Oklahoma.
   ▪ economic/financial hardship The closure of the steelworks caused economic hardship for the town.
   ▪ considerable/substantial hardship It is a region of considerable hardship and poverty.
   ▪ real/genuine hardship Prolonged illness can cause real hardship for many families.
   ▪ unnecessary hardship The ban is causing unnecessary hardship for fishermen.
   ▪ undue hardship law (=more than is reasonable) His deportation would pose undue hardship on family members left in the United States.
   ▪ physical hardship (=when you lack the things that your body needs) The people of the war-torn region face severe physical hardship.
   ▪ personal hardship (=hardship that affects you rather than other people or people in general) The personal hardship experienced by my client includes the loss of his home, his job and his family.
   ▪ material hardship (=a serious lack of money or of things that you need in order to live) Emergency government aid helped to relieve the flood victims' material hardship.
■ phrases
   ▪ in times of hardship In times of hardship, your family may be the only people you can go to for help.